Influence of Boswellic Acid on Enamel Microhardness in Initial Caries Lesions: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

Tooth decay is an extremely common condition that needs a preventative mechanism. Acetyl-11-keto-β-Boswellic acid (AKBA) is a natural product derived from Boswellia serrata with numerous beneficial properties and its impact on enamel remineralization has not been investigated. This research examined how AKBA affects the microhardness and surface morphology of the enamel. For this investigation, premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic purposes were cleaned, wrapped individually, and stored in distilled water until testing. Each sample went through a total of three testing procedures. The first baseline procedure was to measure the microhardness of the enamel, which had yet to be demineralized. The second demineralization procedure involved demineralization by simulating early lesions of the enamel in an acidic solution (pH. 4.5). After AKBA was applied, the samples were remineralized and placed into containers with artificial saliva to recreate the conditions of the oral cavity. The best results amongst the test concentrations were with 0.1 μM AKBA. This indicated a more homogeneous surface that exhibited the greatest microhardness and sufficient mineral content (p < 0.05) as confirmed by FESEM and EDX analyses. Overall, amongst the other test concentrations, 0.1 μM AKBA was the best in increasing the hardness and remineralization of the enamel as well as improving the enamel morphology. Based on the evidence presented, AKBA has the properties of an adjunctive agent for enamel repair and the prevention of demineralization and enhancing microhardness as well as modifying the surface morphology of enamel.  

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54633/2333-025-059-015